Perspectives on the Study of Work-Life Balance in Relation Redesign Approaches of Job Among Banking Professionals: Antecedents and Outcomes

This novel study examines the relation of work-life balance with different job resigning approaches. The core objective of this study is to explore the impact of job enlargement, job rotation and job enrichment on the work-life balance of banking professionals. A structured questionnaire used for collecting data from top management of banking professionals. The sample size is 300 and out of 300 samples, 259 (86.3%) had responded about their experiences towards redesign approaches with work-life balance. The work-life balance considered as a dependent variable and job enlargement, job rotation and job enrichment is taken as independent variables. The multiple regression model used to analyze and explore the significant relation between work-life balances and job enlargement, job rotation and job enrichment. The findings of the study established that there is a positive correlation between two approaches of job resign namely job enrichment and job enlargement and work-life balance and a negative correlation between job rotation and work-life balance.


Background of the Study
Work life balance (WLB) is the ability of the employee of how they balancing their time, energy, and money to personal life and work life. Many organizations particularly in the western countries identify the importance of work life balance and adopt various polices to inculcate cultural changes among the employees (Sivatte, Gordon, Rojo, & Olmos, 2015). For the most part, work-life balance issues have been considered as private matters (Emslie and Hunt, 2009), and the executives have distinguish method of handling and added the advantages, for example, on location childcare administration and paid maternity leave in the working environment. Nonetheless, with different social impulse and worth changes of representatives, workers' craving for work-life balance has enhanced and bosses have started to propose more dynamic arrangement of their workers' work-life balance (Russell 2002;Thorthwaite 2004).Various factors will be the causes of on work life imbalances, particularly Indian context. The role of management is to identify the key factors affecting work life balance and make policy level changes to motivate the employees to face problem of work life balance in order to reduce employee absenteeism, employee turnover and employee dissatisfaction.For an occasion, Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development give adaptable working timetables to satisfy the requests of representatives towards work-life balance (Bong, 2015).
Job Design is the conscious deliberate arranging of the work, including all its underlying and social perspectives and their impact on the representative. Job Design is an expansive idea that can allude to any part or mix of parts of the work. For example, job enlargement, job rotation and job enrichment are job-design approaches (John W. Slocum, Jr., 1981).

1.
To study about the relationship between approaches of job resign and work life balance.
2. To identify approach which have more impact on WLB.

Work-Life Balance as a Concept
There

Work-Life Balance role of Management
Biron, Cooper and Burke (2014) attest that the WLB idea in association ought to incorporate preparing projects and time the executives despite the fact that they accompany a few results, for example, family strife, work pressure and sadness. To them, work pressure may emerge from direct requests of work and its heap or connections with partners or even work clashes just as non-work needs which has a gradually expanding influence of medical affliction, drug misuse, misery and at last demise. The WLB idea will just work viably where there are all around outlined approaches that would limit the remaining burden of worker without influencing the profitability of the association (Ojo, Salau and Falola, 2014). It is thusly critical to take note of that the WLB subject is to idea of the board and their duty.

Rationale of the Study
Various researchers identified about the factors causes for work life imbalances and role of management and employees to tackle those problems. This study explore the root of the job where the organisation make concentrate, so that the problem of work life imbalance can eradicate. This is also exploring the policy level changes on job resign to promote the work life balance.

Methodology
Data were collected from banking professionals working in nationalized banks using structured questionnaire. Using the simple random sampling technique, lottery methods were adopted. 300 samples have taken for this study, out of 300, 259 (86.3%) professionals have responded completely. Some data related problem of missing data and outliers have identified from the remaining 41 (13.7%) responders. Out of 259, 135 (52%) responders are male and 124 (48%) responders are female. All the responders are married status and age of them ranging from 25 to 45.

Analysis and Interpretation
The standard multiple regressions used for this analysis to know about significant impact of approaches of job redesigns affective WLB.

Correlation
The below table 1 shows the correlations among the different approaches of job design and the

Statistically Significant
This F -Ratio ANOVA table test the overall regression model good to the data. The last two columns reveal that there is no Multi collinearity problem (VIF = 1/T). That means the correlation among the independent variables is not making significant impact on the dependent variable.

Results
The multiple regression modelswere run to predict impact of redesign approachon work life balance. The out of 3 independent variables, 2 such as job enrichment and job rotation statistically significant impact on work life balance at p<0.05. Job enlargement is not having significant impact on work life balance. From t value in the coefficient table predicted that job enrichment is the best predictor (t = 8.179) comparing with job rotation (t = -1.362) and job enlargement (t = .769). 8

Discussion and Conclusion
From the analysis, among three approaches of job redesign job enrichment and job rotation will have significant impact on work life balance of professionals in selected banks. The top level management needs to focus more on job enrichment approaches for redesigning job for those professionals.If the management uses the job rotation for job redesign will have negative impact on work life balance.(i.e) Professional feel work life imbalance due to job rotation. They make policy changes which give importance to job enrichment professionals can manage their money, energy, and time both in personal and professional life.
As discussed, work life balance is a serious issue among the banking professionals. So the management has to adopt appropriate policy to overcome this issue for their employees. This study reveals that when framing the policy regarding job redesign, job enrichment must be added to tackle the problem of work life balance.